Autotronics - Sensor

Introductions


- A technical component which can detect a special physical condition or chemical characteristic (e.g. light, temperature, pressure, humidity) and change it to electrical signal

- Input -> physical or chemical effects

- Output -> electrical signal.

- Biological term -> receptor

- Sensors can be divided into 2 groups which can be differentiated by the applications and the form of creations.

- Active sensor

         o Created base on the measurement principal of electrical energy i.e. electro dynamic or piezo electric.

         o It doesn’t need any electrical energy.

- Passive sensor

         o Consists of passive components
   
         o The act of the sensor is depend on the changing of the parameter value of the passive components.

        o E.g. resistor thermometer



Applications

- Light ray -> light, X ray.

- Sounds -> the changing of the sound.

- Temporal -> time between 2 recordings

- Spectral -> width of band , number of bands

- Used in medicine and biology -> CCD Sensors

- Automation -> provide signals



Virtual sensor

- Realised by software.

- Measure the calculated values which can be collected by the real sensors.

- Used by applications where the real sensor is very expensive.



Digital Sensor

- Used in automation field.

- E.g. AC converter

- Get the digital signal directly.

- High linearity