Chapter 2 : Digital Input and Output

Schematic Diagram Circuit

 

 

 

 

Realization of Circuit on Breadboard

Exercise 1

Source Code :

//Exercise 1 : Lighting LEDs using HEX and BINARY format

 

#include <18f4550.h> //Header file

#fuses HS, NOLVP, NOWDT, NOPROTECT  // Hardware configuration

#use delay (clock = 20M) 

 

//Main Function

void main()

{

  //Set PORTD as output

  set_tris_d(0x00); //set_tris_d(0b00000000);

 

  //Initialize PORTD

  output_d(0x00); //output_d(0b00000000);

 

  while(true)

  {

     output_d(0xFF);//output_d(0b11111111);

     delay_ms(100);

     output_d(0x00); //output_d(0b00000000);

     Delay_ms(100);

  }

}

 

 

 

Exercise 2:

Source Code:

//*********************************************************

 

//Exercise 2 : Lighting LED2 and LED4

#include <18f4550.h> //Header file

#fuses HS, NOLVP, NOWDT, NOPROTECT  // Hardware configuration

#use delay (clock = 20M)

 

//Define LEDs

#define   LED1 PIN_D0

#define   LED2 PIN_D1

#define   LED3 PIN_D2

#define   LED4 PIN_D3

#define   LED5 PIN_D4

#define   LED6 PIN_D5

#define   LED7 PIN_D6

#define   LED8 PIN_D7

 

//Main Function

Void main()

{

     //Set PORTD as output

     Set_tris_d(0x00); //set_tris_d(0b00000000);

 

     //Initialize PORTD

     Output_d(0x00); //output_d(0b00000000);

 

     While(true)

     {

          //Turn ON even number LEDs

          Output_high(LED2);

          Output_high(LED4);

          Output_low(LED6);

          Output_low(LED8);

          Delay_ms(100);

     }

}

 

 

Exercise 3:

 

Source Code:

 

//*********************************************************

 

//Exercise 3 : Creating Running Light

 

#include <18f4550.h> //Header file

#fuses HS, NOLVP, NOWDT, NOPROTECT  // Hardware configuration

#use delay (clock = 20M)

 

//Define LEDs

#define   LED1 PIN_D0

#define   LED2 PIN_D1

#define   LED3 PIN_D2

#define   LED4 PIN_D3

#define   LED5 PIN_D4

#define   LED6 PIN_D5

#define   LED7 PIN_D6

#define   LED8 PIN_D7

 

 

//Main Function

Void main()

{

     //Set PORTD as output

     Set_tris_d(0x00); //set_tris_d(0b00000000);

 

     //Initialize PORTD

     Output_d(0x00); //output_d(0b00000000);

 

     While(true)

     {

          //Running Light

          Output_d(0x01); //output_d(0b00000001);

          Delay_ms(100);

          Output_d(0x02); //output_d(0b00000010);

          Delay_ms(100);

          Output_d(0x04); //output_d(0b00000100);

          Delay_ms(100);

          Output_d(0x08); //output_d(0b00001000);

          Delay_ms(100);

          Output_d(0x10); //output_d(0b00010000);

          Delay_ms(100);

          Output_d(0x20); //output_d(0b00100000);

          Delay_ms(100);

          Output_d(0x40); //output_d(0b01000000);

          Delay_ms(100);

          Output_d(0x80); //output_d(0b10000000);

          Delay_ms(100);

    

     }

}

 

 

 

Exercise 3a: (Simplified)

Source Code:

//*********************************************************

 

//Exercise 3A : Creating Running Light (Simplified)

 

#include <18f4550.h> //Header file

#fuses HS, NOLVP, NOWDT, NOPROTECT  // Hardware configuration

#use delay (clock = 20M)

 

//Define LEDs

#define   LED1 PIN_D0

#define   LED2 PIN_D1

#define   LED3 PIN_D2

#define   LED4 PIN_D3

#define   LED5 PIN_D4

#define   LED6 PIN_D5

#define   LED7 PIN_D6

#define   LED8 PIN_D7

 

 

//Main Function

Void main()

{

     int i,j;

     char PORTD;

 

     //Set PORTD as output

     Set_tris_d(0x00); //set_tris_d(0b00000000);

 

     //Initialize PORTD

     Output_d(0x00); //output_d(0b00000000);

 

     While(true)

     {

          PORTD=0x01;

          For (int i=0;i<=7;i++)

          {

              PORTD=PORTD<<1 o:p="">

              Output_d(PORTD);

              Delay_ms(100);

          }

         

          PORTD=0x80;

          For(int j=0;j<=7;j++)

          {

              PORTD=PORTD>>1;

              Output_d(PORTD);

              Delay_ms(100);

          }

    

     }

}

 

 

Exercise 4:

Source Code:

 

//*********************************************************

 

 

 

//********************************************************* 

//Exercise 4 : Count Up

 

#include <18f4550.h> //Header file

#fuses HS, NOLVP, NOWDT, NOPROTECT  // Hardware configuration

#use delay (clock = 20M)

//Define LEDs

#define   LED1 PIN_D0

#define   LED2 PIN_D1

#define   LED3 PIN_D2

#define   LED4 PIN_D3

#define   LED5 PIN_D4

#define   LED6 PIN_D5

#define   LED7 PIN_D6

#define   LED8 PIN_D7

//Main Function

Void main()

{

     //Set PORTD as output

     Set_tris_d(0x00); //set_tris_d(0b00000000);

     //Initialize PORTD

     Output_d(0x00); //output_d(0b00000000);

     While(true)

     {

          //Count Up

          output_d(0b00111111);//0

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b00000110);//1

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b01011011);//2

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b01001111);//3

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b01100110);//4

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b01101101);//5

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b01111101);//6

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b00000111);//7

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b01111111);//8

          Delay_ms(100);

          output_d(0b01101111);//9

          Delay_ms(100);

 

     }

}

 

 

 

 

Exercise 5:

 

Source Code:

 

 

//*********************************************************

//Exercise 5 : Button

#include <18f4550.h> //Header file

#fuses HS, NOLVP, NOWDT, NOPROTECT  // Hardware configuration

#use delay (clock = 20M)

//Define LEDs

#define   LED1 PIN_D0

#define   LED2 PIN_D1

#define   LED3 PIN_D2

#define   LED4 PIN_D3

#define   LED5 PIN_D4

#define   LED6 PIN_D5

#define   LED7 PIN_D6

#define   LED8 PIN_D7

 

//Define Button

#define   BUTTON1   PIN_B0

#define   BUTTON2   PIN_B1   

//Main Function

Void main()

{

     //Set PORTD as output

     Set_tris_d(0x00); //set_tris_d(0b00000000);

     //Set PORTB as input

     Set_tris_b(0xff); //set_tris_b(0b11111111);

     //Initialize PORTD

     Output_d(0x00); //output_d(0b00000000);

     While(true)

     {

          If(!input(BUTTON1)) //Press Button1

 

          {

               //7Segment ON

               output_d(0b00111111);//0

               Delay_ms(100);

          }

          Else

          {

              //7Segment OFF

              output_d(0b00000000);//0

              Delay_ms(100);

          }

     }

}

 

 

 

 

 

Finding Suitable Resistor for LED

 

 

 

 

 

 

Active High and Active Low ????

 

 

 

Differences between active high and active low

 

 

Example circuit of active high and active low

Example of Source Code to Differentiate Between Active High and Active Low

 

 



//Differentiate between active high and active low

#include <18f4550.h>
#fuses HS, NOWDT, NOLVP, NOPROTECT
#use delay(clock=20M)

#define LED1   PIN_D0
#define LED2   PIN_D1
#define LED3   PIN_D2
#define LED4   PIN_D3

void main()
{
   set_tris_d(0x00); //Set PORTD as output
   output_d(0x00); //Initialize PORTD  
   while(true)
   {
      //Active Low
      output_low(LED1); //LED1 will turn ON     
      output_low(LED2); //LED2 will turn ON     
      output_low(LED3); //LED3 will turn OFF     
      output_low(LED4); //LED4 will turn OFF     
      delay_ms(500);     
      //Active high
      output_high(LED1); //LED1 will turn OFF     
      output_high(LED2); //LED2 will turn OFF     
      output_high(LED3); //LED3 will turn ON     
      output_high(LED4); //LED4 will turn ON     
      delay_ms(500); 
   }

}

 

 

 



Simulating Microcontroller Circuit Using Proteus

Simulating Microcontroller Circuit Using Proteus

Creating and Simulating Basic Circuit Using Proteus

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YOoIsAFwv4

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Oscillator Circuit

Microcontroller Circuit

Power Circuit



Reset Circuit